Training course on Advanced AML (Anti-Money Laundering): Investigative Techniques

Module 1: The Role of Advanced Investigations in AML

From compliance to investigations

Evolving nature of financial crime

The central bank’s role in oversight and intelligence sharing

Module 2: Investigative Frameworks and Methodologies

Risk-based approach to AML investigations

Structuring investigative workflows

Sources of intelligence: KYC, STRs/SARs, open-source intelligence

Module 3: Forensic Accounting Techniques

Following the money: tracing financial flows

Identifying unusual patterns in bank records

Reconstructing financial statements and transactions

Module 4: Digital Forensics and Cyber-Enabled Laundering

Use of digital evidence in AML investigations

Dark web and virtual assets (cryptocurrency mixing, DeFi risks)

Blockchain forensics and tracing crypto transactions

Module 5: Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML)

Common TBML typologies: over/under-invoicing, phantom shipments

Investigative techniques for cross-border trade fraud

Collaboration with customs and trade authorities

Module 6: Use of Data Analytics and AI in AML

Detecting anomalies with machine learning models

Network analysis for identifying hidden relationships

Case study: AI-driven transaction monitoring

Module 7: Investigating Shell Companies and Beneficial Ownership

Identifying front companies and nominee directors

Accessing beneficial ownership registries

Cross-border corporate secrecy challenges

Module 8: Interviewing and Evidence Gathering

Conducting interviews with suspects and witnesses

Chain of custody for evidence

Legal considerations in investigations

Module 9: International Cooperation and Cross-Border Investigations

FATF and Egmont Group guidelines

MLATs (Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties) and information exchange

Joint investigations with foreign authorities

Module 10: Building and Presenting an AML Case

Drafting investigation reports

Linking evidence to legal elements of money laundering offenses

Presenting cases to regulators, prosecutors, or courts

Module 11: Case Studies in Complex AML Investigations

Major global laundering scandals (e.g., Danske Bank, 1MDB)

Lessons from enforcement actions

Regional perspectives and emerging risks

Module 12: Capstone Practical Simulation

Group exercise: investigating a simulated cross-border laundering case

Tracing funds across multiple jurisdictions and asset classes

Drafting and presenting findings with recommendations